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NZ Ex Games
The Hit List

Verified public Target identity

land · flora / algae

Boneseed

Chrysanthemoides monilifera

What

Boneseed is recorded by a competent New Zealand authority as an introduced, invasive or managed threat subject. Source context (Department of Conservation; Weedbusters): Evergreen, bushy, semi-woody, much-branched shrub or small tree, commonly under 2–3 m. Young stems are ribbed and woolly, becoming smoother with age. Leaves are bright green, leathery, alternate, and irregularly toothed. The species produces yellow daisy-like flowers; its hard fruit/seed is the basis for the common name “boneseed.” It can be confused in the field with other yellow-flowered coastal shrubs, including native and introduced daisy-family plants. Positive identification should use a regional council or specialist key where control or reporting decisions depend on it.

Why

The source identifies ecological, biosecurity or habitat risks that make this subject relevant to NZ Ex Games intelligence. Source context (Department of Conservation; Weedbusters): Boneseed can form dense thickets and displace low-growing coastal vegetation. DOC specifically describes its capacity to colonise and replace low coastal vegetation and spread into shrubland and coastal forest. Weedbusters states that it can replace native species below roughly 2 m, inhibit native seedling establishment through shading, and colonise disturbed sites quickly. These are source-characterised impacts, not a claim that every recorded infestation produces those outcomes. Its tolerance of salt, wind, drought, fire, and poor coastal soils makes exposed coastal habitats especially susceptible.

Where

Distribution and current presence are place-specific and must be established from current authoritative or verified evidence.

Established knowledge

For consequential field decisions, consider the knowledge state and cited sources for each claim, and consult authoritative guidance where appropriate. Information and reliance terms

50% reference coverage — not scientific certainty or ecological progress
  • Identification
  • NZ status
  • Ecological impact
  • Sources

Open knowledge

These are parts of the public picture that could become clearer with better evidence.

  • Distribution
  • Visual clues
  • Confusion species
  • Regional intelligence
Sources & credits
Prepare related field media

Field observations

Field observations connect sightings and signs with a place, time and source. They can support evidence after review. This dossier does not accept public submissions.

No field observations are published for this Target.

Commentary

Local experience, corrections and context help explain the public record. Commentary is not verified knowledge. This dossier does not accept public comments.

No commentary is published for this Target.

Questions and Missions

What can the sources tell us, and what still needs evidence? Explore dossier discoveries and research questions to understand this Target. Research leads identify knowledge gaps; they are not field assignments.

Explore Missions and Hunt mode for Boneseed
  • Where is boneseed currently established or emerging in New Zealand?Research question · evidence needed
  • What evidence distinguishes current ecological impact from presence alone for boneseed?Research question · evidence needed
  • What specimen-backed or authoritative register evidence establishes which boneseed subspecies, if any, are represented at a reported site?Research question · evidence needed

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Boneseed — The Hit List — NZ Ex Games

Canonical link

/hit-list/weed-boneseed
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